Making The Impossible Possible
At the Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation’s Center for Coronary Artery Disease, we've built a reputation as one of the world’s most distinguished champions in the fight against coronary artery disease (CAD). Under the leadership of Dr. Emmanouil Brilakis, our team works to decrease the burden of CAD through research, innovation and education. An internationally recognized research institute, MHIF is integrated with a high-quality, high-volume cardiovascular care center at Abbott Northwestern Hospital (ANW), which allows us to study and offer cutting-edge treatment to a large number of patients with CAD.
Heart attacks, sudden death, and chest pain are all caused by coronary artery disease. Fortunately, medications, bypass graft surgery, and stents can help improve the quality of life for patients suffering from coronary artery disease.
What is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)?
Coronary artery disease, or CAD, happens when plaque builds up over a period of time along the inner walls of your coronary arteries. This causes your arteries to harden and narrow, which decreases blood flow to your heart. As a result, your heart doesn’t get the blood, oxygen and nutrients it needs, which can lead to a heart attack.
Many patients with coronary artery disease have complex lesions (or blockages) that are challenging to treat with conventional techniques and tools. These types of lesions include:
- Chronic total occlusions (CTOs), or complete blockages in a vessel for more than three months, caused by heavy buildup of plaque; this significantly decreases blood flow to the heart and can cause chest pain, pressure or tightness (angina), shortness of breath, and/or dizziness or fatigue.
- Severely calcified (hardened) lesions.
- Lesions that are difficult to cross with traditional wires or balloons or located at the intersection of two coronary arteries.
FAQs About Coronary Artery Disease
CAD is the most common of all heart diseases and the leading cause of death in the world, for both men and for women, affecting 15 million American adults. One-third of Americans have at least one of these modifiable risk factors for CAD:
- Smoking
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Poor diet
- Physical inactivity
Nonmodifiable risk factors include increased age, male gender and hereditary predisposition for CAD. Discuss with your physician about lifestyle changes and/or medications that can help prevent heart disease.
Diagnosis is based on your symptoms and risk factors. Your doctor will perform a physical examination and determine if further tests are needed. These include non-invasive tests, such as an electrocardiogram, an ultrasound, a CT scan, and a stress test or invasive ones, such as an angiogram.
The first symptom of CAD can be a heart attack. A heart attack can feel different for men and women. If you think you or someone near you is having a heart attack, dial 9-1-1 immediately. You can learn about the different symptoms of CAD at https://www.cardiosmart.org/topics/coronary-artery-disease
Treatment may involve:
- Lifestyle changes like smoking cessation
- Medications such as aspirin (which is an antiplatelet drug) or statin (which lowers your blood lipids) depending on the extent of CAD disease
- Invasive procedures such as balloon angioplasty and stent placement or coronary bypass graft surgery.
Depending on how you feel and your physician’s clinical judgement, you may resume your daily activities. However, this is a great opportunity to modify potential risk factors in order to halt further progression of the disease. Compliance with medication is one of the most important goals in this case, along with a heart-healthy diet and a regular exercise program.
Support Ongoing Research
Our goal is to secure funding for the Center for Coronary Artery Disease in order to continue and expand the ongoing research and education projects that are making a significant impact on improving and saving lives of patients with complex coronary artery disease.
Impact
The Center for Coronary Artery Disease is strongly positioned for success through:
Key Research and Initiatives
This work will improve knowledge and outcomes to benefit millions of patients:
An online resource focused on chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention, offering a structured database of CTO cases to support operator learning and planning. It is intended for interventional cardiology professionals who use CTO difficulty scores and case examples to refine their strategies and improve outcomes in complex CTO PCI. Resources compiled by faculty at the Center for Coronary Artery Disease.
An online resource focused on an algorithmic, stepwise approach to performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It organizes content into chapters on PCI steps, complex patient and lesion subgroups, complications, and required equipment, and is supplemented by case libraries and a podcast to support practical learning. Resources compiled by faculty at the Center for Coronary Artery Disease.
An ongoing contemporary, multi-center global registry of more than 17,000 CTO-PCIs at 50 participating centers, led by Dr. Brilakis as the principal investigator. The study goal is to provide novel insights into the most complex type of a chronic total occlusion-percutaneous coronary interventions (CTO-PCIs) through rigorous study of techniques and outcomes across a varied group of operators and medical practices.
A bifurcation blockage occurs when there is narrowing of a main coronary artery and an adjoining side-branch vessel. These are more challenging to treat than blockages that do not involve side-branch vessels, because current stents do not come in a “Y” configuration. The PROGRESS-Bifurcation Registry is examining current strategies for treating bifurcation (branching) coronary artery lesions, determine the impact of implementation of new techniques, and the impact of these techniques and strategies on angiographic and clinical outcomes.
A randomized prospective trial that is comparing radial (wrist) artery access to state-of-the-art femoral (groin) artery access for cardiac catheterization and PCI procedures. The objective of this trial is to determine the optimal method for obtaining arterial access in various clinical settings, improve patient outcomes, and assess overall safety and success.
A registry designed to study complications during cardiac catheterization. Our goal is to help improve the safety, efficacy and outcomes of cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) through rigorous study of complications across a varied group of operators and medical practices.
This registry is designed to study microvascular disease and coronary physiology. Our goal is to help improve the outcomes of cardiac catheterization through rigorous study of cases with microvascular disease and coronary physiology across a varied group of operators and medical practices.
12 Active Coronary Artery Disease Studies
Our team leads research to advance the understanding, prevention, and treatment of coronary artery disease. Through studies exploring innovative therapies and risk-reduction strategies, we empower clinicians and patients with evidence-based insights that improve cardiovascular care and protect heart health for the long term.
Patient Story: Donald Sens
Hear From Our Patients
Listen to Donald share his story, changing his habits to become more healthy throughout his lifetime until 2019 when he received his first heart scan. Soon after, he met Dr. Brilakis after being diagnosed with severe coronary artery disease to re-open the blocked arteries in his heart.
—Donald Sens, Coronary Artery Disease
Research Publications
MHIF’s CCAD team has authored hundreds of papers and presents frequently at national and international conferences.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Digital App
Dr. Emmanouil Brilakis developed the digital PCI application to share clinical information with colleagues around the globe, including steps involved in PCI, complex subgroups, complications and equipment, as well as opportunities to watch a case.
Meet the Center for Coronary Artery Disease Team
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